Given the relevance and need for studies in the area of organizational resilience, the objective of this work is to understand how the concept of organizational resilience has been considered in the literature, through an analysis of its analysis units and application contexts. From this understanding, an association of the main resilience factors identified in the literature are presented with the dimensions of human, structural, and relational capital and enabling factors, in the organizational context. An extensive literature review in the field of organizational resilience was performed. After reading these articles, two analyses were performed: (I) the identification of the main analysis units and the application contexts; (II) the categorization of resilience factors into four dimensions: human, structural and relational capital, and enabling factors. Given the relevance and contribution of the area of resilience to various fields of study, as well as the diversity of factors that permeate its construct, this study involves a systematic and exploratory search of the literature to present the main units of analysis, application contexts, and organizational resilience factors. This analysis allows these elements to be studied and understood more deeply, both in theory and in practice, with the objective of increasing the understanding of organizational resilience and its results. Eighty-three publications were identified, written by 223 authors and published in seventy-two indexed journals. The analysis of these publications made it possible to understand an overview of the concept of organizational resilience from the main analysis units, application contexts, and resilience factors grouped by the dimensions of human, structural and relational capital and enabling factors. From this mapping of primary resilience components, it is possible to suggest the development of models and instruments to understand, characterize and measure resilience in the organization environment.