There are many types of uncertainties that the contemporary working life – including public and private sector organizations – needs to cope with to operate successfully and to maintain their competitive advantage. Worldwide crises, shortage of labour, and the need to adjust quickly to the changing environment call for a new type of organizational resilience. We propose that in addition to being able to bounce back from adversities, which is the traditional viewpoint for organizational resilience, organizations need to invest in developing their proactive organizational resilience. It is suggested that leadership and management activities play a key role in building and fostering proactive organizational resilience. It is expected that knowledge management practices, such as increasing change capability and creating a continuous learning environment are important elements in improving proactive organizational resilience. As a way of identifying the crucial leadership and management processes in developing proactive organizational resilience, a systematic literature review on recent research literature is currently being carried out. This is still work-in-progress but based on interim results of the systematic literature review, this conference paper presents some key perspectives and discussions together with main research findings. In addition, some interesting future research prospects are described.