In today’s competitive environment, measuring and managing the sustainability performance of supply chain is fundamental as organizations are considered responsible for their harmful impact as well as for their contribution to sustainable development beyond corporate boundaries. The purpose of this paper is to investigate if and how organizations embed SDGs and their targets in their supply chains and how the impacts on SDGs can be measured and assessed. To this aim, a multiple case study involving four Italian companies is adopted. Our insights show the main supply chain practices implemented across the entire supply chain in order to achieve sustainability and SDGs. Furthermore, the preliminary findings show that performance measurement practices are critical enablers to install a sustainability and SDGs oriented culture closing the knowledge gap with the various actors of the supply chain, especially those who exhibit a lower awareness of environmental and social issues. However, some barriers to the measurement of supply chain impacts on SDG targets are identified. In so doing, this paper contributes to prior studies on sustainability supply chain literature by providing empirical evidence on supply chain strategies and measurement practices to contribute to sustainability performance and realize a positive contribution towards the achievement of SDGs.