Purpose – The paper explores the entrepreneurial nature of knowledge workers in relation the imperatives and specificities of our knowledge-based economies. The study strives to provide a holistic framework for better understanding the emergence and nature of knowledge-based entrepreneurship. In the industrial age the owners of tangibles assets such as land, physical and financial capital are the entrepreneurs. In the knowledge age, knowledge is the major input for value creation in organisations, and the owners of this intangible asset, referred to as knowledge workers are understood as potential entrepreneurs alike. Knowledge is a widespread asset that dilutes the potential of entrepreneurship at different levels. This is allowed and reinforced by the prevalence of easier and more accessible information and communication technologies. Design/methodology/approach – A three-level approach is elicited in order to gain a better understanding of the prevalence of knowledge-based entrepreneurship in our contemporary economies: a macro, a meso and a micro level of analysis. The macro level relates to the current knowledge-based paradigm that defines the general framework where activities unfold. A particular focus is given to the role played by technology in fostering knowledge-based entrepreneurship. The meso level investigates how organisations fit into this framework and how they influence it in turn. The theme of organisational knowledge-intensity is explored. The micro level is concerned with understanding the nature and actions of knowledge-based entrepreneurship and addresses specifically knowledge workers. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the existing body on knowledge workers and their entrepreneurial nature. It provides a holistic framework suggesting that knowledge-based entrepreneurship should be understood holistically. This contribution also emphasise that any knowledge worker is a potential entrepreneur in knowledge economies. He or she is not exclusively involved in creating a firm or leading one but he or she can also be involved in generating new activities within large corporations. Ubiquitous technologies provide infinite possibilities for learning, strengthening one’s knowledge base and innovating. Finally, the uncertainties and constant changes characterising our economies require constant adaptation through creativity and risk taking. Practical implications – The holistic perspective explored in the study provides a framework where the most important features of knowledge-based entrepreneurship are introduced. It offers then a base for reflection and action for managers concerned with increasing firm’s competitiveness while relying on intangible assets.