Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to deepen understanding of the nature of collective creativity within ensembles in the arts. Research has established creativity as being related mostly to the individual (e.g. Kurtzberg and Amabile, 2001). On the other hand, innovation has largely been treated as an organizational level construct, while neglecting the moments when collective creative insights occur (Hargadon and Bechky, 2006). Creativity and innovation on the collective level relies on group processes and collaboration. Studies on ensembles in arts increase our understanding of group interaction that produces creative outputs (Hatch, 1999; Murnighan & Conlon, 1999; Sawyer, 1999). However, little research has been done to understand the nuances of interaction processes that produce collective creativity. Thus, this paper studies interaction patterns across different arts ensembles. Methodology – Data for this research came from semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 expert practitioners. The participants came from the disciplines of music, theatre, dance and fine arts. The data were approached against a framework, consisting of three overarching themes: Vision and Purpose; Ensemble structure, member skills, artistic materials, context; and Leadership and intensity of interactions. Originality/value – The results show that the overarching theme of “Leadership and intensity of interactions” is key in understanding moments of collective creativity. Those emphasizing the collective interaction before individual skill expressed much greater likelihood of collective creativity emerging. In addition, this study shows the distinctiveness of different art forms and how individual and collective creativity is understood through ensemble practices. Practical implications – The framework on collaborative working can be applied in any organisation aiming at collective creativity processes.