ifkad articles

Research on Megatrends and the Evolution of ESG Standard

Giovanni Maiuri, Domenico Celenza, Francesco Di Vona, Alessia Nardecchia
University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy
Independent scholars

This paper examines how global megatrends can be transformed into actionable knowledge for the design of sustainability standards and the development of predictive environmental, social and governance reporting. The argument is grounded in the view that intelligent and sustainable organizations are not merely adopters of digital tools, but knowledge-processing systems that detect weak signals, translate them into governance priorities and combine human and artificial intelligence to support responsible value creation. The paper develops a conceptual framework linking megatrend research, European sustainability reporting traditions, knowledge management and artificial intelligence. The analysis identifies three historically rooted European trajectories: the German emphasis on measurement, comparability and procedural discipline; the French emphasis on public regulation, social responsibility and corporate accountability; and the Italian Economia Aziendale tradition, which connects economic performance, social embeddedness and systemic equilibrium. The paper argues that the next stage in the evolution of sustainability standards requires a shift from descriptive disclosure to predictive ESG intelligence, understood as the capacity to transform megatrend knowledge into forward-looking, scenario-based and accountable sustainability decisions. Artificial intelligence is interpreted as a cognitive infrastructure that can strengthen human interpretation by mapping weak signals, clustering heterogeneous information, modelling scenario-based risks and connecting sustainability variables with business continuity and organizational resilience. The contribution of the paper is twofold. First, it reframes ESG standards as dynamic knowledge artefacts rather than static compliance devices. Second, it proposes an AI-enabled pathway through which organizations can move from fragmented non-financial reporting to anticipatory, accountable and human-centred sustainability governance. An illustrative climate-transition example shows how a megatrend can be translated into dynamic ESG metrics, predictive outputs and strategic governance decisions. The paper concludes that predictive ESG intelligence can support intelligent organizations and communities only when embedded in ethical oversight, stakeholder dialogue and a relational view of value creation.

IN: Proceedings IFKAD 2026: Intelligent Knowledge for Sustainable Organizations
ISBN: 978-88-96687-21-5
|| ISSN: 2280-787X
PP: 932-939