The objective of this article is to identify knowledge management practices in technology-based SMEs in the South of Brazil. This is an empirical, qualitative, and descriptive study. Data were collected in interviews with directors of technology-based SMEs in the South of Brazil, following a semi-structured interview script, adapted from Kianto and Andreeva (2014) and validated by Dávila (2016). Data were analyzed using thematic and content analysis with triangulation of evidence: bibliographic review; content from primary data sources, and data obtained from secondary sources. This paper contributes to advancing research into knowledge management practices, which are recognized as important organizational strategies, capable of driving better performance and strengthening organizations’ competitiveness. Notwithstanding, this paper’s stand-out contribution is made by its empirical results. The evidence collected in technology-based SMEs in the South of Brazil demonstrates that knowledge is recognized as a strategic resource. However, these SMEs do not have management strategies for implementation of knowledge management programs, although their practices related to organizational structure and organizational culture are better explained. This finding is attributed to the fact that the organizations analyzed are located in a technological incubator, which encourages knowledge assimilation and sharing between employees and firms, and its application to promotion of an innovation culture. The practical results of this paper provide a basis for executives and managers interested in the subject to decide which knowledge management practices they should adopt to achieve the best strategic and operational results in Brazilian technology-based SMEs. The main findings also highlight the most important knowledge management practices that can explain the capacity that the firms studied have to share their existing knowledge among their employees, seeking to promote an innovation culture.